Wednesday, July 31, 2019

John Proctor †The Crucible Essay

   Supporting this claim further are several lines from Miller’s pre-introductory notes; â€Å"His [Putnam’s] vindictive nature was demonstrated long before witchcraft began. † Not only does this reinforce our trust within the character of John Proctor, it always creates a likeness within him in the mind of the audience. Miller strives to achieve this more-so through Proctor’s defense of his absent wife to Abigail who aims to smite her; â€Å"You’ll speak nothin’ of Elizabeth! † This is due to the fact loyalty is an undisputable likeable trait. The moment our emotions towards John Proctor are challenged lay upon his treating of his housemaid upon the warrant of his wife to be arrested. Proctor handles her violently, though it is somewhat partially excused due to its honest aim: to free his wife. Thus, the challenging of our sympathetic yet simultaneously self-righteous attitude to Proctor, only succeeds in strengthening it, through the apparent pardoning of his actions for their good intentions. It becomes apparent the good moral of John Proctor, within his decision to risk the definite pardon of his wife in order to aim to release his fellow innocent towns folk during the court scene of the play; â€Å"I – I think I cannot. † Ironically, this portrays Proctor as one of the only Puritan’s of the play, as he strives to surpass his own greed, in strive to clear his conscience and do what is best for the village. His true Puritan values are also apparent earlier in the play when he suggests his uttermost disgust at Reverend Parris’ indulgence of â€Å"golden candlesticks. † Likewise, Proctors morality influences his decision to inform the court of his lechery with Abigail Williams. For this reason, Proctor rises even further in our levels of admiration. â€Å"I have known her, sir I have known her. † This line signifies Proctors fulfillment of complete morality, as he confesses his sins in hope to release innocent victims. Proctor becomes somewhat heroic at this point, as lechery is a highly punishable crime at these times. The final bout in which Proctor reaches our highest admiration comes at the end of the play, when he decides he would rather face hanging, than lying in the face of God. This selfless deed is what separates Proctor from the rest of the townspeople. His morality proves unrivalled, after several hints at its strength earlier in the play, such as his earlier converses with his wife upon his affair with Abigail, in which he becomes irritable at his wives judgment, despite her making almost no mention of it. This hints that Proctor has simply not forgiven himself for this deed, and rather than face the fact would rather put its blame upon someone else. Despite this, his character becomes arguably a martyr towards the deformation and destruction of the witch trials, as they seemingly dissolve after his death proves example to many others. Perhaps Miller may be comparing himself to the admirable character of Proctor. Through their both almost unjustified prejudice, Proctor for his lack of faith in the Puritan system, and Miller for his satirical outlook on capitalism. For this reason, perhaps Miller is justifying his actions to not confide the American Federal government at a later date, throughout his comparison of it to something quite revolutionary (the desolation of persecution. )

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Developmental need of children from ages 0-8 years Essay

Development is the process of learning new skills and abilities. A child’s development is the term given to the development of infants through childhood. Although all children will go through the same stages of development, not all of them will go through these stages at the same time. Childs development can be measured by the five key stages of development which are emotional, social, physical, language and intellectual. A child will go through these stages of development in the first eight years of their lives. Child’s development relies heavily on their growth through their growth their developmental stages evolve significantly. Physical Development: 0-2 years: After a baby is born physical contact begins when they lie on their backs, they are also inclined to turn their heads to sounds and movements. By six months when they hear their name they turn around to see who is around, they can touch their toes and discover their fingers, smile at familiar faces. They are able to put things in their mouth. As the child grows older they become more agile and will be able to crawl and shuffle around and may even attempt to walk unaided, raise their arms to be lifted, able to reach and hold food in their hands. At two they should be in the early stages of walking and feeding themselves. They become very independent at this age. 3-5 years: Within the ages of 3 to 5 the stages of child development get stronger. At this point they will have been able to walk up and down the stairs, catches a gently thrown ball, learns how to paint and names of colours, identifying them. At the age of four a child with have mastered pedalling their bikes, they are aware that this is how it is manoeuvred. They will be able to throw with aim. By the age of five the child will be able to copy shapes and letters, have more self control with their writing instruments. 5-8 years: By the time the child is between the ages of five and eight they will have developed immensely. Their concentration levels will have developed. They become more accustomed to discipline within an educational setting, their skills for drawing will have enhanced now knowing to colour between the  lines and their drawing will more resemble the objects they are trying to create. Intellectual Development: 0-2 years: Within the early months a child will make eye contact and focus on objects, they will also learn the sound of their mother’s voice. By six months the will be developing their co-ordination they will be reaching out with their hands to grasp an object offered to them. By twelve months they shall be developing their memory and will have the ability to remember thing such as a familiar face a favourite toy or comforter. They will also express emotions crying and laughing if others around do so they will express their emotions without knowing why. At the age of two a child will be amusing themselves with ‘pretend’ play with favourite toys they have and will adapt to making sounds from a variety of instruments. 3-5years: At the age of three a child will develop the stage of pretend play and become more complex. Their concentration span will increase; their memory will be developing very quickly. They will then be able to relate and understand past and future. By the age of five they will have a great understanding of numeracy and literacy, learning to count confidently. At this age they tend to become very curious and inquisitive and ask endless question, always needing to know about things. 5-8 years: By the time a child reaches this age they will be very independent. Their reading and writing skills will have progressed and advanced immensely. They will have developed in their drawings now resembling objects they want, they will be developing intellectually every day adjusting to education in a stronger sense than in their earlier years. Language Development: 0-2 years: Babies are only capable of expressing their language through crying, cooing and gurgling within the first 3 months, as they get older they become more expressive, responding to sound, laughing and imitating other sounds or noises. Although only and infant and unable to form sentences yet babies will begin mimicking animal noises or saying singular words such as (mama or  dada). By the time a child is two it is thought that they have a vocabulary of almost 50 words. Children of this age will begin to talk at a rapid speed and are said to enjoy taking part in conversations. 3-5 years: Children from the age of three shall now be able to speak in sentences expressing their vocabulary using past and present tenses without understanding that they are doing so. They enjoy hearing stories and listening to music at this age. By the time they are four they are likely to become very inquisitive asking a variety of questions about different things. 5-8 years: The child’s vocabulary will have increased significantly. They are very confident speakers and will have a great understanding of many words although they may not always use them. By eight years old they will be able to give accurate descriptions and should be able to recognise similarities. Emotional Development: 0-2 years: Within the first few months of an infant’s life they will show many expressions and shall be able to identify their mother and fathers voice. They thrive through interaction and are very trusting and they enjoy the contact with others. By the time a child is a year old it will be used to familiar faces and will become extremely wary of unfamiliar faces and may become distressed in their company. They also imitate the feelings of other people not knowing the reason why they are copying their reactions. When the child is two they develop fears and phobias such as fear of the dark or spiders. The child sense of identity progresses rapidly at this point. 3-5 years: They are more aware of their feelings and emotions at this stage; they are able to express how they feel. Increase in imagination. They are accepting to other people’s feelings and capable of concealing their own emotions. By the age of five as child will be very good at controlling their emotions. 5-8 years: Showing signs of competitiveness. Arguments emerge through competitiveness, either with siblings or students which will make the child more stubborn and demanding. Mood changes start to appear by the age of eight. Less arguments as they become more mature. Children depend greatly on peer approval; becoming accepted is highly rated at this age. Social Development: 0-2 years: Babies are very sociable. They like to know and participate in what’s going on around them. They enjoy company immensely. They may also begin to feed themselves as their social skills begin to develop. By the time a child is a year old they will have become less dependent on interaction as they will have learned to play alone. At the age of two they will be very independent and will insist on dressing and feeding themselves. 3-5 years: Capable of making friends and learning how to share and take turns. At this age they will resort to tantrums if they do not get their own way. Enjoy socialising. Forge friendships. By the age of five they will have made a number of friends. They will have a great understanding of what’s right and wrong. 5-8 years: May become less sociable and may wish to spend more time alone. May have a vast number of friends to whom they may fall in and out of company with. Prefer to surround themselves with trusted companions. As their confidence grows they will find their place in the social circle to which they are comfortable with.

Monday, July 29, 2019

A Study of why Gladiatorial Contests Took Place in Ancient Rome

A Study of why Gladiatorial Contests Took Place in Ancient Rome After the Carthage in 201 BC, the Roman Empire embarked through a dangerous time period where all gladiatorial fights were all the hype. The article â€Å"Murderous Games: Gladiatorial Contests in Ancient Rome† by Keith Hopkins, discusses the fights and how they were used for entertainment purpose; where war was considered â€Å"fun†. And at the time, Roman Empire consisted of 50 to 60 million people, which was one-fifth/one-sixth of the world’s population. The Roman Empire was a warrior state where animals and people were sacrificed. People of all backgrounds were sacrificed for funerals and for entertainment purposes. In this analysis, I will discuss their purpose, the animals involved, and Rome’s present ever since that time period. The purpose behind the gladiatorial fight was for pure entertainment. Rome was a cruel place where people were used for dangerous malpractices. At the time, Gladiatorial fights were acceptable in their eyes, but in today’s society, it is considered unethical. People worshipped the gladiators like they were pop-stars. They were famous and considered the greatest people in Rome; they were considered heroes to public. People also supported the gladiatorial fights due to fear, and if they objected against it, they were soon faced with the same dilemma as the gladiators, death. And when people went to the arena as the audience, and one time there was not enough criminals to be condemned to death, so instead they killed a crowd of people to the wild animals. The emperor was the one person that made the decisions. He made that decision because, sometimes, things did not go the way he would have liked them to. In many occasions, the audience would object and ask for favors, such as lowering their taxes, food, or an execution of a different person. But sometimes the people who were shouting were going to the consequences. During this time period, the emperor made the decisions and the people’s lives where in the hands of the emperor. Animals were also involved in this cruel activity that was a sport. A large amount of animals were used as entertainment and later put to die. Some of the many animals involved included elephants, ostriches, lions, and much more. Criminals, animals, and slaves, and other people were put inside the arenas to fight, and many of them did not survive; no one actually comes out alive. On a day there were 3,000 people who fought (included men and woman) and 5,000 animals that were killed in the arena. That shows how big the arena was, which also included more room for 50,000 people to watch. One of the biggest shows was the show made by the Emperor Trajan to celebrate his defeat against Dacia. The fight lasted throughout 123 days; with 9,138 gladiators fighting and 11,000 animals killed. The emperor then later started to introduce more animals; animals like crocodiles, rhinoceros, giraffes, and tigers. At one point, the amount of hippopotamuses started to decrease more and more until one was brought from Europe through a steamship from London. Wild animals seemed to have been decreasing over that time period due to the tremendous amount of fights. Rome has changed ever since those time periods, making it an important part of history. People of all backgrounds were killed- who were criminals, slaves, Christians, and even people from the crowds- and for the emperor’s entertainment. Rome was a cruel society where cruelty was a way of life. People died for the public’s selfish needs of entertainment. There were no laws against those actions that brought brutality into the lives of the Romans. Many people looked up to the people that did not show them the true meaning of being hero, and instead they looked up to gladiators who harmed others where many of them were innocent.

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Construct a sonnet of 14 exact lines based on milton's paradise lost Essay

Construct a sonnet of 14 exact lines based on milton's paradise lost book 5 - Essay Example According to Raphael, when God appointed his Son as King of heaven, Satan was jealous and refused to accept the appointment. Sneaking away in the night with a third of the host of heaven, Satan convinced them that they were equal to the Son and should not have to bow to him. Only one angel, Abdiel, stood up to argue that because they were made by God, God was of a more refined nature even than themselves and so his son must also be. It is only through God that the angels have the wonderful life they have and therefore they should be glad to take example of what is right and good from both God and Son. Satan argued back that because they cannot remember being created, they must have made themselves and are therefore equal to God. Other arguments he brings into the discussion include ideas of skepticism, freedom, equality, and natural right (Hooker, 1996). Abdiel warns of the impending doom descending as the punishing arm of God, but still leaves

Theories of Marketing Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theories of Marketing Development - Essay Example This theory applies to Sony considerably given that the organization spends heavily in R&D across all the product lines. As per statement released in 2003 by Nobuyuki Idei, Chairman & CEO of Sony Corporation, the organization planned to spend 500 billion Yens (about 5.1 billion US Dollars as per current rate) in three years to develop competitive key electronic devices through internal innovations although the organization invested 502 billion Yens (about 5.12 billion US Dollars) in 2005 itself. [Sony Corporation, 2003; Sony Corporation, 2005] Sony has been practicing creative destruction by forcing the old available products towards obsolescence by virtue of their innovations. One excellent example is the â€Å"style† innovation of Sony latest Pocket Style VAIO P that is expected to yet again create a new niche segment for Sony that may force laptops to obsolescence especially in applications like Internet usage, word processing, multi-media & entertainment, messaging, Internet-based telephony, etc. [Prokaza, Julian. 2009] Sony practices the strategy of Differentiation Strategy thus targeting niche markets where products are unique and sold at premium rates. They tend to develop unique market segments where there aren’t any competitions and the pricing strategies are totally in their own control. Walkman, Play Station, and now the Pocket Style Vaio P are examples of product uniqueness that Sony brings to the market. In these markets, Sony is not bogged down by competition that practice Cost Leadership strategy. Sony practices product uniqueness (differentiation) and achieves the same by virtue of huge investments in Innovation and R&D.

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Why We Crave Horror Movies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why We Crave Horror Movies - Essay Example This is because they contain vampires, serial killers, zombies as well as werewolves leading to a cinematic blood bath. In as much as people, justify reasons for the continuous taste of horror movies there various underlying concerns that drive people to watch horror movies. â€Å"To show that we can, that we are not afraid, that we cab ride this roller coaster.† This forms the first reason why most people engage in horror movies. From this perspective, the continuous appetite for horror movies gets attributed to the fact that people want to overcome their fears and prove their capacity to the whole society. For instance, according to Stephen king, â€Å"It is true that the mythic â€Å"fairy-tale† horror film intends to take away the shades of grey. In addition, horror movies provide psychic belief to people a factor that acts as, a key driver to watch more movies. Subsequently, horror movies, â€Å"may allow our emotions a free rein... Or no rein at all†. ... It is from this perspective that people continue to watch horror movies despite the fears they experience. For example, Dawn of the dead is a horrific movie, which a normal person cannot watch; however, it forms one of the movies people scramble to watch. â€Å"Horror movies offer their teenage male viewers an illicit opportunity to revel in their feminine side. Contesting the claim that horror encourages a sadistic male gaze† it is in this regards that horror movies get popularity by teenage population. The teens as they call themselves like competition and comparison for watching movies. In addition, they like living a life up-to-date with current events leading to events of life transforming behaviors. Based on this reason, an increasing population gets realized towards watching horror movies. As an evidence, to support the argument, teens dress according to horror superstars with the sole purpose of escaping the villain and fitting into the society of horror movie harlequi ns. Subsequently, â€Å"horror movies are due not to whatever psychic substratum the monster represents, but rather to the peculiar curiosity it inspires.† Suspense as literature professionals would call it, is an indispensable device used by movie directors, which keep viewers with curiosity and urge for more. Horror movies are quite threatening; however, viewers always have the quench to know what would happen after killing of a person or horrific animal. Considering the change in movie production, where movie directors produce series movies; suspense continues to appear among viewers. The camera trick in horror movies remains another reason why a glamorous number of people continue to appear in horror scenes. This is because the tricks make the

Friday, July 26, 2019

US women's army auxiliary corp (WWII) Research Paper

US women's army auxiliary corp (WWII) - Research Paper Example Women’s participation in the US military as auxiliary army corps during the Second World War was essentially a milestone in the women’s development and gender equality that were rooted the Enlightenment in Europe.Though women’s involvement in the US Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was not the direct result of these movements, it can be viewed as the call of the situation that provides the women of the era with a unique opportunity to reinforce their position in outdoor workplace. Also their participation can be viewed as a sequel to the series of remarkable events in the women’s rights in the United States. Though women’s involvement in the US Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was not the direct result of these movements, it can be viewed as the call of the situation that provides the women of the era with a unique opportunity to reinforce their position in outdoor workplace. Opposing the traditional socio-religious barriers to and prejudices that women are best suited for indoor activities due to their psychophysical fragility, women’s position in outdoor activities was reinforced by their participation in the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp. Indeed the root of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp lies in the women’s unarmed services â€Å"with the Army under contract and as volunteers during World War I as communications specialists and dietitians† (Bellafiare 4). Subsequently, a bill regarding women’s inclusion into the US Army as regular personnel with equal pay, equal legal protection, disability benefits, pensions and medical care was proposed by Edith Nourse Rogers, the Congresswoman of Massachusetts. But Rogers’ propositions did not go unchallenged since â€Å"both the Army and the American public initially had difficulty accepting the concept of women in uniform† (Moore 34). Finally, Rogers’ committee and the US Military authority came to a compromise regardi ng the women’s legal rights in the army and the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) became existent in 1942 by Public Law 554 () as a branch "for the purpose of making available to the national defense the knowledge, skill, and special training of the women of the nation." (Bellafaire 7). Later, the WAAC gained the full status of an army branch, being converted to Women’s Army Corp (WAC) in 1943. About 150,000 American women â€Å"served in the Women's Army Corps (WAC) during World War 11. Members of the WAC were the first women other than nurses to serve within the ranks of the United States Army† (Bellafiare 5). Rights of the WAAC Members Though Rogers’s idea was to provide the women with full status of army personnel in the US Army, due to the novelty of the idea and social barriers and prejudice towards women’s participation in armed activities, the WAAC members did not have the full rights that their male counterpart had enjoyed so far. Rogers was motivated, to propose the bill, mainly by the volunteer female civilians’ participation in the First World War as unofficial auxiliary force to the US force without â€Å"benefits of official status† such as legal protection, medical care, shelter, food, etc. So Rogers motive was that â€Å"if women were to serve again with the Army in a wartime theater they would receive the same legal protection and benefits as their male counterparts† (Bellafiare 6). Though until 1943, about 150,000 WAAC auxiliaries received the basic provisions of a soldier such as â€Å"food, uniforms, living quarters, pay, and medical care† (), rank and salary discriminations continued. Also women WAAC officers could not command men. Judith A. Bellafaire describes these discriminations as following: â€Å"The Director of the WAAC was assigned the rank of major. WAAC first, second, and third officers served as the equivalents of captains and lieutenants in the Regular Army, but received less pay than their male counterparts of similar rank† (2). Unlike the male soldiers and other officials, the WAAC members did not get â€Å"Government life insurance, veteran’s medical coverage, and death benefits† (Bellafaire 3). Also though the WAAC members, according to the bill, could work oversea, they did not get legal protection of the international prisoner’

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Critical Thinking - Michael Alvarez Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Thinking - Michael Alvarez - Essay Example Students tend not to concentrate on their studies when they feel like aliens in a classroom (MacCorquodale, 1970). Therefore, it is essential for his educators to put him in a class where a majority of the learners are ELLs. This will improve his chances of learning. Students need rewards in order to appreciate what they are learning (MacCorquodale, 1970). Therefore, in order to make Alvarez complete his daily assignments, it is essential for his educators to frequently reward, not only Alvarez, but every student who complete their assignment successfully. Rewards not only refer to material things as, at times, psychological appreciation might help (Skinner, 1957). This will, in reality, gives Alvarez the feeling that he is doing the right thing by taking part in class activities. Michael’s parents, as well as his siblings, are the people who should positively shape Alvarez attitude. They should act in a manner that will enable Alvarez to gain respect of others (Skinner, 1957). Charity begins at home, and the way Alvarez family members behave is how he will behave. They should stress to their son the importance of education and try to support him whenever

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Advantages Of Learning Abroad And Methods Of Getting Grants Essay

Advantages Of Learning Abroad And Methods Of Getting Grants - Essay Example The reason why I was being offered this once-in-a-lifetime experience was due to my good grades at my local high school. What made this offer even more exciting was that my school would take care of all of my expenses during my time in London. Once I found out, I immediately knew that I would go there if I was allowed to. My parents, especially my father, were very strict and did not like to let me out of their sights at all. To prepare for the inevitable explanation to my parents, I first tried breaking the news to my younger sister. Her response was one of amazement—I could sense that she felt jealous about the tremendous opportunity that I had. She encouraged me to tell our parents as soon as possible so that they would have more time to prepare themselves for it. I concurred with her assessment and decided that I would tell them when I next had the opportunity to speak with them. Later that night, I sat the whole family down in one place and told them of my exciting news. Surprisingly, both of my parents seemed remarkably relaxed about the whole thing. They even offered to give me spending money during my time away! At the sound of this, I felt heartened that this was the right move for me at this stage in my life. When I first arrived at Gatwick Airport in London, I had someone waiting to pick me up, even though I had never personally met them before. Back in Dubai, I was assigned a host family that would take care of me during my stay in London. As it turned out, it was not really a family that I would stay with; an old lady and two dogs ended up looking after me. The first couple of days were quite tough for me both physically and socially. As I came from the heat of Dubai, I was not used to the cold London weather. It was just my bad luck that I had come in winter! Also, the accents of the local people were quite hard to understand, so most of the time I just smiled and nodded at them.

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Who gets the kids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Who gets the kids - Essay Example larly forward-thinking State in its consideration of joint custody because as it is noted in â€Å"Joint Custody Blues† the traditional trend of mothers being granted full custody of children following a divorce is being sidelined by contemporary â€Å"egalitarian† views of the family home (Paul 3,7). In a legal joint custody situation, both parents will share in the decisions made about their children in terms of school, bedtime, dating guidelines, etc.; in a physical joint custody situation both parents will actually share the children themselves in that two homes will be provided for them (Paul 3). In either scenario, â€Å"raising kids with joint custody means you have to stay in constant communication with a person you either a) hate, or b) still love and are therefore crushed, or c) both hate and love† (Corcoran, cited in Paul 6). When divorced parents are constantly fighting with each other, be it over parenting strategies or any other matter, children are more likely to be depressed and averse to working with others in school or other groups (Paul 10). To deal with this, some therapists suggest what is called Parallel Parenting; this means that both parents will essentially set up their own households, complete with their own rules, and not interfere with each othe r. There is minimum contact between both parents and the children understand the difference between living at mom’s house and living at dad’s house (Ibid. 11). Court’s will always decide custody based â€Å"in accordance with the best interest of the child† (Law on Child Custody 1), and this will involve taking a close look at the financial situation, health issues, siblings, new romantic relationships formed by either parent and whether there is any history of violence (Ibid. 3). If abuse has occurred between a parent and a child or the other parent, this will take top priority in the eyes of the Court (Ibid. 4). Basically it is the role of parents to â€Å"make the divorce succeed†

A Review on Lifeboat Ethics Essay Example for Free

A Review on Lifeboat Ethics Essay Lifeboat ethics: the case against helping the poor is a famous essay written by Garret Hardin, a human ecologist in 1974. This article aims to re examine the lifeboat ethics which was developed by the author to support his controversial proposal. In the theory, the world is compared to a lifeboat with a carrying capacity of 60. There are totally 50 people on board, representing comparatively rich nations, while the 100 others swimming in the ocean outside the lifeboat stands for the poor nations. To solve the dilemma of whether the swimmers should be allowed to climb aboard at the risk of lifeboat’s safety, Hardin suggested that no admission should be granted to boat, or to interpret it in a straight way, no humanitarian aids should be offered to the poor countries. Regardless of the additional factors which the author took into consideration from the real world in the essay, in my opinion, the basic metaphor itself is questionable. Firstly, the status of the lifeboat is not an accurate reflection of reality. Arguably, natural resources of the earth are finite, however, this does not equal to the scarcity of resources in the control of the rich nations. On the contrary, nowadays in the developed countries, what the rich have used is out of proportion to their actual needs, which not only leads to colossal waste each year but also creates disposal problems. A familiar example is the popularity of losing weight among the western world, which is not solely a way of pursing beauty but also a clear indication of the growing number of obese people who consume food excessively. In contrast, in the third world especially poverty-stricken nations like Ethiopia, millions of people are filled with untold suffering. They drag themselves on the street from day to day, begging for only a slice of stale bread. Due to the unfair distribution of resources caused by the affluent people’s favorable political position, most rich nations currently obtain more than enough resources and they are still casting their greedy eyes on the untapped poor regions. In the light of the facts above, in the lifeboat metaphor people on board actually occupy  more room than normal and the real carrying capacity of a lifeboat is more than 60. With no admission given to those swimmers who are in need, the room is not allocated to each according to his needs, a principle the author cited in explanation of the rationale behind the lifeboat ethics. The second doubtful point is related to Hardin’s computation of conscience. In defense of the survivors’ guilt arising from not helping the poor, he claimed that â€Å"the net result of conscience-stricken people giving up their unjustly held seats is the elimination of that sort of conscience from the lifeboat†. He defined guilty about one’s good luck as a type of conscience and the newcomer’s lack of guilt about the rich people’s loss as conscience drain; but the author deliberately omitted the morality of rich people’s indifference to the poor asking for help. Counting the negative effects on total conscience in the lifeboat if no rescue is attempted, the final solution to the lifeboat dilemma might be changed. Essentially, the author’s negligence of social injustice against impoverished people and the ethical issue indifference is just a result of his bias for the rich countries. To improve the general population quality, the author repeatedly emphasized the necessity of reproduction control in poor nations and increasing the proportion of rich nation’s population. This suggestion in fact is based on the assumption that the people in rich nations are innately superior to their counterparts in poor countries, which is an apparent violation of the creed that everyone is born equal. In conclusion, the poor people should not be the sacrifice of the population growth in the developed regions. Logic and rigorous as the essay Lifeboat ethics: the case against helping the poor may appear to be, the author wrote more on behalf of the countries on board, group of which he belonged to. The author urged people to get rid of sentiment and make rational decisions, but ironically he himself deceived his mind with prejudice and sense of superiority.

Monday, July 22, 2019

Maggie and Dee & sisters Essay Example for Free

Maggie and Dee sisters Essay Everyday Use is about these two colliding characters: Maggie and Dee are sisters. In the story, Maggie seems to be the powerless and passive character. She had scars from being burnt and this experience brought her to directed inward. She valued the things that are less superficial and more meaningful. She has stayed with her mother and there she learned making quilts. Dee is more the outgoing type. She cares a lot about her style. She’s into physical appearance and boys are one of her interest. Thesis Statement: The central conflict this part of the story is the triumph over legacy – who will be recognized as the successor? This very powerful story revolves around the quilt. As Dee tries to win the quilt, she also seeks her long-lost heritage after a long time of absence. (Walker 278). (66) â€Å"’Maggie can’t appreciate these quilts! † She’d probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use. †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Dee always tries to prove herself in the way of her power to persuade and aggression (Walker 278): (68) â€Å"But they’re priceless,† she was saying now furiously for she had a temper. Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years they’d be in rags. Less than that! †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ But Maggie is a strong person with inner strength and she knows that the legacy has been passed on to her (Walker 279). (74) ‘â€Å"She can have them Mama, â€Å"she said like somebody used to never winning anything reserved for her. â€Å"I can ‘member Grandma Dee without the quilts. † Maggie said. ’† The mother knew that her daughter Maggie has been the one who deserves the heritage. Although Maggie seems weak and she will talk in peace (Walker 279). (75) ‘â€Å"She stood there with her scared hands hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear. But she wasn’t mad at her. This was Maggie’s portion. This was the way she knew God to work. †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Towards the end of the story, Dee knows that her mother fought for Maggie and has won the battle. She denies herself from humility that she lost (Walker 279). (81) ‘â€Å"You ought to try to make something of yourself, too, Maggie. It’s really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama still live, you’ll never know it. † Dee will always hide the loss. She will not be someone who will stand up for defeat and that is in a way being a coward (Walker 279). (82)â€Å"She put on her glasses and hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin. † Conclusion: Everyday Use explores the long years a mother’s will to raise her children, see them grow and realize their identity. Maggie spent her every day with her mother and her mother experienced her presence for the longest years. Meanwhile Dee has spent her life away from her family. The one who has learned the craft of quilting which signifies her unconditional love for her family is Maggie and finally her mother realizes that and in all sense she deserves that honor of their heritage. Citation: Walker, Alice. â€Å"Everyday Use. † In Love and Trouble: Stories of Black Women. Harvest Books (1974): 272-279.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Tata Motors

Tata Motors Introduction Tata motors are the India’s largest automobile company with 14 million $. Established in 1945 it rolled out of India in 1954. Tata motors, the first company from Indian engineering sector to be listed in New York stock exchange, which emerged as international automobile industry. Tata has its operations in all continents. Tata increased its global network by acquiring Jaguar cars and Land Rover from Ford cars. In recent years, Tata as lost its prestige due to some wrong strategic planning and also has been in controversies for wrong reasons. The most famous was the Bengal scandal faced by Tata where it had to move out its half built plant to Gujarat. Which cost them capital, time and mostly importantly its brand name? The main focus of my dissertation will be to study Tata motors Strategies and understand why it is not doing good in developed economies. Objectives The core objective of my study is to understand the challenges faced by Indian car companies in Developed countries. Although Tata has been successful to acquire Jaguar and land rover these companies are also not performing up to expectations. My study will help understand this company what is stopping them from being successful. My dissertation will be only focused on passenger cars. Objectives Study the Strategy adopted by Tata Understand the problems in strategies Understanding the marketing mix adopted by Tata To study the competitor and their strategies adopted in U.K. The major questions to be answered in my dissertation are:- Q1) What are the problems faced by Indian automobile industry abroad? Q2) What strategies are adopted by Tata in United Kingdom? Q3) Why has the import penetration strategy of Tata failed? Q4) Why has Tata failed to function in significant market? Preliminary literature review â€Å"The European Automobile Industry† by Andrew M Mclaughlin and Willlam A Malony has discussed about strategies and policy failure of UK government and the problems in Ministry with diverse range of actors with differing views on future direction. In chapter 3 they have explained the procedure adopted by Land Rover to Privatises. The car market M J H mogridge analysis the statistics and dynamics of supply and demand. This research provides all the statistical data like supply model car ownership forecasting model. This will help me understand the future structure that Tata will adopt and will it be useful in the Market. The book CAR by Mary Walton in chapter 11 she has talked about the supply- side economics and production of automobile which affects the cost of production and supply chain model of an company. Japanese’s in UK [The Japanese] are welcome here in Britain has made no secret of welcome inward investment. We view it not as threat but as an opportunity both for investor and as the host UK. (John Major anglo-japanese journal 1990 4{3}:10) The future of automobile (the report by MIT’s international automobile program by Alan Alshuler, Martin Anderson, Daniel Jones, Danniel roos, James Womack. The report is about Japanese car structure and technological advancement and priorities of UK which have shifted dramatically towards intervention. The pressure of the world oil reserves and production which adds pressure to change in fuel and green gas emissions. The technological shift and opportunities to adapt the automobile to change the process of RD. The book â€Å"Cars, Carriers of regionalism† By Jorge Carrillo, Yannick Lung and Rob van Tulder† will provide me information for the role of WTO and its trade disputes in 1995-2001. The import penetration and export penetration ratios for motor vehicles. Rules of origin in free trade agreements. The automobile production in Europe. Passenger car sales in India 1981-2001 and economies in south Asia. The book â€Å"globalization or regionalization of the American and Asian car industry? By Michel Freyssenet, Koichi Shimizu and Giuseppe Volpato†. Changes in the level of concentration of the world automobile industry 1985-2006. The changing shift of power from western country to Asian markets. The failure of American car companies. â€Å"The Indian Automobile Industry: Statistical Profile 2005-2006† by society of â€Å"Indian automobile manufacture† this book will provide me the main data needed and also the statics will be provided to me. Data like the sales rise in Indian market and also the role of IMF and WTO in promoting automobile industry in India. â€Å"The British car industry: our part in its downfall by James Ruppert† will give information like the real situation about British car industry and how it is dealing with the current situation of credit crunch. The European companies talking over British companies. The evolution of the British automobile industries. Annual production of land rover and British car manufacture. Annual change in domestic sales. Market failure of transforming British Leyland into land rover. Information available on internet. The official website for automobiles in UK has all the needed information like (manufacturing industry) turnover, Employees, Companies, capital expenditure, stock turns, trade balance. (Vehicles registration) UK cars sold 2002-2008, used cars sold in 2002-2008. According to British chamber of commerce the recovery of UK’s economy will be depended on automobile industry. There are some case studies available about jaguar and land rover on www.supplychainmanagement.com Methodology My study will be focused on both Quantitative and qualitative techniques of data interpretation. My mostly data sets will be economic, WTO agreements and data collected from interviews. Economic Data sets: This data will be collected through books IMF’s reports, research, Journal, Organisations, Interviews. This data includes the laws and also policies which affect Tata. The stat table of annual sale of each automobile company. According to Hired Michael Eisner – 1984 there are two types of analysis for strategies management process internal and external. Internal include analysis like human recourse, manufacturing ability and technology; whereas external include factors like interest rate, demographic, socio cultural trend. Analysis like SWOT, PESTEL and Michel portal’s five forces will also help me understand better the strategies adopted by Tata and the reason for failing in UK were others have succeeded. Although it is quite clear that financial crisis has hit every automobile company in this world. Interview: This is one of the very important and most useful techniques to be used to find out Tata’s strategies for Jaguar and Land Rover in U.K. This interview can be done via E-mails or any other electronic source. Data like structure of the company and official figures can release by this method. It is also possible to understand their future goals and new releases via this method if allowed. Co-relations: the data collected will be processed in SPSs software and the co relation will be obtained which will help in understand the different strategies and there rate of success for both Japanese as well as Tata. The main motto for using this technique is to understand and collect the data available and analysis for this software’s like SPSS and Excel will be used and also graphs and tables will be presented to describe how the sales for Tata have increased and how it is look at its future in United Kingdom. This will also help me to understand that how the change in the ownership has brought change in the brand name. Possible outcomes The dissertation I am planning to make will provide the future of Tata motors in U.K. and also help in evaluating the Indian automobile industry. Tata is undoubted the biggest brand form India. This dissertation will help to analysis the mistakes made by Indian brand aboard and what all things are needed to improve the brand name. This kind of study will involve lot of study and analysis of the sales and structure of jaguar and land rover after and before Tata’s intervention. The outcomes of this dissertation will allow a clear view of FDI in U.K. for automobile industry and allow us to understand how this industry is evolve with lot of hard challenges like global warming, green house effect and also gas price hike. Jaguar in particular has faced lots of problems in particular for the recent credit crunch. Schedule Step1. This step will involve lot of reading of relevant books, and also collect economic policy, political information and law and regulations. This will also involve India’s economic progress after 1991 and read lots of journals, reports, T- tests, and data analysis done by experts. I will also try to understand co-relations and quantities techniques which will be use later on for processing of data. Step 2. This step will involve collection of data like structure and sales of particular year by means of interview as primary source and also collected data from secondary source. Later on I will plan and design a research model for data processing. Step 3. The last and final stage will involve methods like data processing which I have collected from the first two stages. My dissertation does not involve any hypothesis it just involves collection of structure, stage and market sales. Bibliography Research Methods for Business students/mark N.K Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thorhill. (page no. 109-117) Business research: a pratical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students/ Jill Collis.(page no. 216-230) Globalization or regionalization of the American and Asian car industry? Michel Freyssenet, Koichi S.( chapter no. 2,3 and 6.) Carriers or regionalism? Edited by Yannik Lung Jorge Carillo and Robert yan Tulder..( chapter no3, 4 and 5) The future of automobile (the report by MIT’s international automobile program) by Alan Alshuler, Martin Anderson, Daniel Jones, Danniel roos, James Womack The European Automobile Industry by Andrew M Mclaughlin and Willlam A Malony (page 276-196) CAR by Mary Walton (chapter 11) The jaguar and land rover case studies http://www.supplychaingroups.co.uk/case-studies visited date 27-07-2009. The automobile industry in UK and the staticall data for sale and structure http://www.autoindustry.co.uk/statistics?s=1l3bshemdb3edau0 visited date 27-07-2009.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Increasing Airline Security Essay -- Papers

Increasing Airline Security Over the past five months, airline and airport security has been in the news almost daily. The events on and since September 11 have completely changed the viewpoints of many Americans, as well as the world, concerning airline security. Between the 18 suicide hijackers to Richard â€Å"the shoe bomber† Reid and the many other terrorists that lurk in the world, flying is definitely not as safe as it once was. I strongly believe that security in airports should be much more strict than it is now, even if it infringes on the people’s right to privacy. The last part of that statement is the point of clash for many people because they strongly believe in privacy rights. Before I get to why there should be stricter airport security, I will define a few the main terms in this debate. First of all, stricter security calls for a more systematic, more careful searching of passengers, bags and airplanes for contraband items, like guns, knifes, explosives and anything that could be used as a weapon. I will go into more detail later about different practices to give airports stricter security. Another crucial part of this debate that perplexes many people is the phrase, â€Å"right to privacy.† Rights to privacy can be defined as the right to be left alone without unwarranted intrusion by the government, the media or other institutions or individuals. Article IV of the Bill of Rights states that â€Å"the right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Airline security has always been a very important issue, but the significance has multiplied exponentially since the September 11th terrorist attacks. On that horrific day, ... ...ace for those airports that do not follow the correct procedure. Depending on the size of the airport, fines should be high enough to make a difference to the owners. For example, an airport in New York City should have a very hefty fine of at least $25,000 per infraction. Smaller airports cannot afford such amounts, so the fines should be tailored to their income. The funding for these new procedures and equipment has been allowed for in the President’s new budget for the fiscal year. Also, raising ticket prices only a few dollars each would help fund the new equipment. The fines from faulty airports could go into a fund to help pay for more equipment. Ultimately, I believe that these stricter changes would not only prevent events like those on September 11, but also they would deter would-be terrorists from even trying to breech the security at airports.

Little Victories Build Writers :: Writing Authors Literature Essays

Little Victories Build Writers In Chapter 12 of Creating Writers, Spandel beautifully comments on page 364 that â€Å"little victories build writers,† (Spandel 2001). This statement, as short and simple as it may sound, was the underlying theme from this week’s readings, whether it entails mini-lessons on fiction, constant feedback and revision, or offering positive praise on students’ writing. It is the little corrections, little care, and the little ‘point in the right direction’ that helps students reach their potential as writers. There were so many anecdotes and examples Spandel offered her audience to demonstrate how important the quality and attitude comments are. I agree that feedback has been a booster and deterrent in my writing and I bet more than half our LLED class could concur. I especially loved the examples of negative feedback or â€Å"unconstructive feedback† that’s too general. â€Å"Be more concise, more specific, and needs work,† have been seen all too well. As educators, we must stop this! I refuse to become a teacher that students hate writing for. We must praise writers when they do well to increase their motivations and aspirations to become successful writers. I also greatly benefited from her suggestions to promote revision and student writing. Looking at a conference as a short â€Å"chat,† looking at the conference as a means to show the student you care about their writing, and using the conference for bouncing ideas off each other (one on one), are some great ideas. Peer review and peer edit are two other meaningful methods of writing assessment. I must admit, I didn’t think there was a definable difference between the two methods. I enjoyed her explanations of assigning letter grades to numeric- 6 trait grading. I was under the misconception that a 5=A, 4=B, 3=C and so on. Spandel clarified that well for me. However, I find her opinion of grading unrealistic. I feel students need competition and a goal. Sometimes it helps students if extrinsic goals compliment or spark the students’ intrinsic goals. Especially in an era of raising and testing for standards, grades are necessary and inevitable.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Marketing Variable Mix Of Prod :: essays research papers

INTRODUCTION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Japanese have again burst into the technology industry with the introduction of their newest product, Aibo, the robotic pet dog. Aibo is a Japanese word short for â€Å"companion†, and it also stands for Artificial Intelligence Robot. This creature is able to navigate its environment and respond to changes. This highly innovative idea began back in 1994 when Toshi T. Doi, Sony Corporations lead engineer, enlisted an artificial intelligence expert named Masarhiro Fujita to formulate a robot with sophisticated sensors. Fujita took just two weeks to develop the first prototype robotic creature that led to this current venture. AIBO’S TANGIBLE PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No larger than a Chihuahua and constructed primarily of magnesium alloy, Aibo is equipped with infrared sensors and cameras for eyes that allow it to judge distance and avoid walking into objects. It also has sensors on its head, in its paws, and an antenna for a tail. Aibo is programmed to enjoy being petted and dislikes being scolded, not unlike real dogs. It also shows happiness by wagging its tail and illuminating its green eyes. Aibo can perform some standard tricks such as sitting and begging, and it can even dance and play music. As sophisticated as it may be, Aibo can not respond to voice commands, and it requires a remote control that emits musical tones the robot recognizes as commands. AIBO’S AUGMENTED AND GENERIC PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aibo’s augmented product attributes revolve around the Sony brand name. Sony is a well-established corporation in the electronics industry. It is the most recognized brand name in the world, evoking a status of quality and dependability. Aibo will have a considerable lure on customers keen on cutting-edge gadgets. The first of its kind in sophistication and advanced robotics, Aibo will carry a significant status for technology buffs and expensive electronic toy collectors who can afford them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From a generic product perspective, Aibo is already winning over the hearts and minds of consumers. Its almost life like touches and actions such as the occasional yawn, flopping on its belly when it’s bored, and the wagging of its tail when it is happy is rapidly captivating people all over. For some, the appeal is in the joy of owning such a technological and futuristic marvel. For others, It may be the hope of companionship from and innate object, not unlike today’s interactive computers. For most consumers it is just plain and simple entertainment.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Cause and Effect

Ashlee Bailey Professor Moore English 102 March 20, 2009 Writing Exercise Cause and Effect Essay When choosing what to do for your career you need to make sure that is what you want to do. Once you have decided what career to go into, you then take the required classes for it. There are always causes that make you decide what you do. In life, causes always have an outcome of effect. In my life many causes are in the making of my outcome of my career. I have decided to pursue a career in the nursing field. When I took nursing in high school it helped me open my eyes to this field and I really enjoyed it.Nursing also has so many opportunities in the nursing field. I also enjoy helping people, and in this field you help so many people every day. This field is also known for the high pay as well. My junior and senior year in high school I signed up for nursing and got in. I really enjoyed nursing my junior year so my senior year I was in it all year as well. My senior year I did my clini cals at the nursing home in Vienna Illinois and I loved it. I really enjoy helping people and obviously this field is known for helping people.Every time I helped one of the residents out I always felt good. Many times the residents don’t have anyone else to talk to besides the person that is helping them. I really enjoyed everything I learned during my nursing in high school that I decided to work at a nursing home outside of my clinicals. Once I got my CNA license. I decided that I want to go further. So now I’m going into the RN program. Some students get into the nursing field just because of the money. Nursing is one of the highest paying jobs that you can get into in the least amount of time.Anything in the nursing field has a high pay. Depending on what you decide to do your pay will vary from the average $9. 75 and up. For example, I am a CNA at a nursing home in Paducah and I get paid $9. 75 some places give their CNA’s only $7. 50. RN starting pay is $ 20. 00 and goes up as you gain experience. Also when you work extra hours or work when you are not scheduled you get double time on your paycheck. In the nursing field there are so many opportunities. In nursing you can move your way up when you are working.For example, my friend works at the hospital as a CNA and she wants to move up so they are helping pay for her school and helping her with on the job training. Many times if you are working at a hospital and want to move up in the medical field they will pay for your school and also help you with the training. As you can see there are so many opportunities in the medical field. You can also move to different departments as a nurse. For example, if you are on the emergency floor and you want to move to the ICU floor they will work with you to move you to the different floor.As you can see many causes help you decide the effect of what happens. Many causes have the outcome of what I’m going to do with the rest of my life. Wh en I was in high school I found nursing to be an interesting career that I could see doing as my career. Nursing also has so many opportunities to move up or go to different departments. Also as a nurse you make good money depending on what branch of nursing you go into. In this field you get to help people every day and possibly make a difference in their life. Cause and Effect Cause and Effect Essay David Sanders Eng. 1001 South University King argues in â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies† that horror movies have â€Å"a dirty job to do†: they feed the hungry monsters in our psyche. Write an essay in which you put King’s thesis to the test. Briefly describe the first horror movie you ever saw; then explain its effect on you. Like King, speculate about the nature of your response—your feelings and fantasies—while watching the movie. When I think back to the first time I seen a horror movie I don’t feel as freighted are nervous.I believe the first horror film I had ever seen was Chuck y to me for some reason I just couldn’t figure out why people where so scarred of this little 2 3 foot doll running around with a knife, I received more comedy from that movie than horror and I was pretty young when I watched that movie. There was one movie though I will never forget it was called â€Å"Christine†. I mean th is movie didn’t put fear in my heart just in my head. OK I am go be honest I was freaked out,But what can I say I was about eleven or twelve at the time.It started when my Mom, sisters, and I went to the country to go see my grandmother. My grandmother loves horror movies, and ghost stories. When I heard my grandmother start calling me in the room with the family laughing and carrying on I know they were watching some good horror movie. This Movie Christine was so amazing but frightening to me as the movie came on I began to grab my chair and squeeze, I can remember my palms being socking wet from being so nervous and this was just off the intro music.The movie was OK to me until I started seeing the car fix itself after I seen the group of boys vandalize the car,that’s when I begin to get freaked out because in the next picture it showed the car fixing itself, then going after the guys who vandalized it and murder them. Now when your around the age of twelve or thirte en to see a car kill someone and take over someone minds freaked me out, because as a young man I was so into cars. I thought if I loved a car that much it could possibly happen to me.When I say this movie gave me crazy feeling as if someone was standing over me when watching that movie. That’s when I found out who Stephan King was and how explicit and realistic his content was in his movies. That took a lot of stress away from me at that time of my life. Until I seen another Stephen King movie called â€Å"Maximum Overdrive† I know if you read the title you wouldn’t think it would be a frighting eye opening horror film, but If you find humanity being destroyed not scary well good for you because for me at that time the world coming to an end one day was unheard of in my head at that age.It started when I went to my step brother house he always used to let me watch and do whatever I wanted when I went over there it would always be that stack of movies he would g rab and be like you cant watch this it will give you nightmares. Accurst like any other kid would say â€Å"I am not scared†, â€Å"I am grown†. A couple of hours had passed and that movie with the 18 wheeler on the case was on my mind. It was pretty late so It was time for me too go home, he told me to start getting my stuff ready to go.I went in the room and seen that stack of movies and I stuck the movie in my bag pack. As soon as I made it home that night I went straight to my room cut the T. V. On and begin watching the movie. The movie begin it was very interesting it grabbed me in pulled me to the edge of my seat. When I seen the begging it was so normal it looked like how someones everyday life would have went driving to work, interact acting with others how a normal everyday life goes I mean semi trucks passing you by men at work not working I mean it was so realistic calm and collective in the beginning.But all that came to an end very quickly all I can say i s the bridge started rising while people where on it and we all now how that ended people wrecking there cars sliding out there cars into the ocean, then when the watermelon killed the women thru the sunroof I was amazed I could feel my eyes ripping into the back of my head I didn’t want to blink I thought I would miss something I had watched thousands of movies but I never seen something like that.Then I seen that 18 wheeler with that green face for some reason that faced scared the living cells out of my body when the engine revved up I could feel the hairs standing up on my arms . I just had that feeling that something scary was about to happen. I felt my stomach tightening up and my palms where getting itchy. It was funny to see the machines in the begin kick out the cigarettes, and change and the man picking them up like its his lucky day, but when the diesel went into the man eyes that’s when I was reaching my level of getting ready to cut it off from being so fr eaked out.In the back of my mind though I wanted to be able to tell my big brother that I watched it and I wasn’t scared, but I was in for a rude awaking. The scene when the electrical knife cut the women and started coming after her went to my head; I had just been cut by on my wrist about a month previous to me watching that movie. Then once I made it to the scene where the little league baseball team had own there game and the coach was getting soda for the kids and the machine started kicking soda out with all of this speed and force to where it left a soda can imprint on the coaches forehead as he past on.Then immediately a kid was being ran over by a giant steamroller I was done. I ran in my mothers room screaming, and crying that movie had missed my head up for a while I never watched horror movies after that until this previous year and it was that same movie it seemed more like a comedy horror than anything I guess the style of your mind and majority level plays a pa rt in your imagination to believe in some of the things we see in horror movies. Cause and Effect Ashlee Bailey Professor Moore English 102 March 20, 2009 Writing Exercise Cause and Effect Essay When choosing what to do for your career you need to make sure that is what you want to do. Once you have decided what career to go into, you then take the required classes for it. There are always causes that make you decide what you do. In life, causes always have an outcome of effect. In my life many causes are in the making of my outcome of my career. I have decided to pursue a career in the nursing field. When I took nursing in high school it helped me open my eyes to this field and I really enjoyed it.Nursing also has so many opportunities in the nursing field. I also enjoy helping people, and in this field you help so many people every day. This field is also known for the high pay as well. My junior and senior year in high school I signed up for nursing and got in. I really enjoyed nursing my junior year so my senior year I was in it all year as well. My senior year I did my clini cals at the nursing home in Vienna Illinois and I loved it. I really enjoy helping people and obviously this field is known for helping people.Every time I helped one of the residents out I always felt good. Many times the residents don’t have anyone else to talk to besides the person that is helping them. I really enjoyed everything I learned during my nursing in high school that I decided to work at a nursing home outside of my clinicals. Once I got my CNA license. I decided that I want to go further. So now I’m going into the RN program. Some students get into the nursing field just because of the money. Nursing is one of the highest paying jobs that you can get into in the least amount of time.Anything in the nursing field has a high pay. Depending on what you decide to do your pay will vary from the average $9. 75 and up. For example, I am a CNA at a nursing home in Paducah and I get paid $9. 75 some places give their CNA’s only $7. 50. RN starting pay is $ 20. 00 and goes up as you gain experience. Also when you work extra hours or work when you are not scheduled you get double time on your paycheck. In the nursing field there are so many opportunities. In nursing you can move your way up when you are working.For example, my friend works at the hospital as a CNA and she wants to move up so they are helping pay for her school and helping her with on the job training. Many times if you are working at a hospital and want to move up in the medical field they will pay for your school and also help you with the training. As you can see there are so many opportunities in the medical field. You can also move to different departments as a nurse. For example, if you are on the emergency floor and you want to move to the ICU floor they will work with you to move you to the different floor.As you can see many causes help you decide the effect of what happens. Many causes have the outcome of what I’m going to do with the rest of my life. Wh en I was in high school I found nursing to be an interesting career that I could see doing as my career. Nursing also has so many opportunities to move up or go to different departments. Also as a nurse you make good money depending on what branch of nursing you go into. In this field you get to help people every day and possibly make a difference in their life. Cause and Effect Patrick Gallagher Professor Adams College Composition December 4, 2009 Cause and Effect of Lying â€Å"The whole truth and nothing but the truth. † If these were words to live by then the whole world would be in trouble. Living in this imperfect world, we are surrounded by people who lie and who have an infatuation with lying. There is nothing that you can do to stop it. It is a natural human behavior to keep yourself out of trouble, and lying to protect yourself is a tool that everyone uses. Most of the time they are little white lies that are used casually, not to hurt others’ feelings, but occasionally people get caught up in their own web of lies. This is where problems occur. Lying can lead to a multitude of problems including lost friendships, loss of trust, and the manipulation of individuals for your personal gain. There are also causes of lying such as pathological liars, and the avoidance of situations. When an individual becomes a pathological liar they begin to lie incessantly to get their way and do so with little concern for others. There is a great website named www. ruthaboutdeception. com that has a specific page dedicated to pathological lying, with this page a great quote comes about the stigma of lying. â€Å"Pathological liars have little regard or respect for the rights and feelings of others. A pathological liar often comes across as being manipulative, cunning and self-centered. † Pathological lying is not a disease that is built up f rom the unstable mind but rather is a very serious emotional disorder that comes from insecurity. To lie with such disregard for others emotions and feelings shows how manipulative and grotesque we are. You become only interested in the outcome of your future and become willing to walk on and over whoever stands in your way. But in the end it will come to bite you in the butt, for when you are looking for a job and need to cite a reference you will have non to rely on. It’s ironic how a person who is so unreliable still relies on others to achieve his/her personal agenda. A person who lies their whole life is living in an empty shell. They are not being honest with themselves and ultimately will end up living a lonely life. In this world you need trust to be able to survive, and if you have none you will be alone. Lying is a learned behavior that people pick up as a tool to avoid situations. Lying is heavily frowned upon in society and can lead to the degradation of one’s personal merit. When caught up in the moment, people often use lies to either make their lives more interesting or to avoid the chance of being caught. It’s often an ugly sight when an individual is caught in a lie, especially if you’re lying to a close friend or lover. It’s often best to avoid lying and to stay truthful to your friends and family, but we all know that as humans we fall into the path of sin. As children, a majority of us were raised in a household that respected and learned the 10 Commandments: â€Å"Thou shall not bear false witness against thy neighbor. † (Bible: King James, Exodus 20:16) This is a direct example at how early these beliefs were implemented. When we lie we are not only lying to the individuals, we are also lying to ourselves. And when you lie once, it’s going to be easier to repeat the process a second and third time. Gradually it becomes a habit and you can be classified as a compulsive liar. Lying can lead to lost friendships and burnt bridges between individuals. People would rather associate themselves with truthful individuals who are trustworthy and when you’re caught in a lie it can lead to the loss of trust. The most important effect that can come from lying is the loss of trust. Trust is key in every relationship, whether it is romantic, friend, or family. It allows people to be able to confide in you and to rely on you. When you lose someone’s trust it’s extremely difficult to regain it and ultimately can lead to the destruction of a relationship. Trust is the foundation that keeps your friendship stable. If you build upon that foundation with lies then your friendship is unstable. When those lies begin to birth themselves your friendship crumbles like a bran muffin. It’s hard enough for people to open themselves up to the possibility of emotional distress by trusting an individual. It’s even worse when the person comes to the realization that their friendship or relationship is a sham and was based around deceit and deception. Walter Anderson has a famous quote that epitomizes the vulnerability of an individual when they decide to confide in another hoping to find love. We’re never so vulnerable than when we trust someone- but paradoxically, if we cannot trust, neither can we find love or joy. † The only person you are really hurting in the long run in yourself. You’re limiting your potential as a human being by being deceitful and burning bridges with others. When you lose someone’s trust you not only lose their respect but you also lose your dignity. When you lose an individual’s respect you can never gain it back from that person no matter the circumstance. Your dignity and respect are testaments of your true character and who you really are as a person. Tim Mazur has the perfect quote that describes how lying effects other individuals and how it robs them of their rationality. â€Å"First, lying corrupts the most important quality of my being human: my ability to make free, rational choices. Each lie I tell contradicts the part of me that gives me moral worth. Second, my lies rob others of their freedom to choose rationally. † The repetition of your lies can become habitual which may label you as a pathological liar. Lying is a nasty habit that occurs in people’s lives. As people we are responsible for the wellbeing of each other and need to control ourselves in the manner we conduct. If you are looking for a guideline to do this you can look in your Bible and follow the Golden Rule. â€Å"So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets. † (â€Å"New International Version Bible† Matthew, 7:12) If we follow the Golden Rule then we are set to live our lives to the fullest. We want to gain people’s respect and their trust; we don’t want to lose it. It has been said that, â€Å"Nobody likes a liar. † So the best advice to take is to tell the truth and be an honest individual and you will be rewarded in friendship. Cause and Effect Patrick Gallagher Professor Adams College Composition December 4, 2009 Cause and Effect of Lying â€Å"The whole truth and nothing but the truth. † If these were words to live by then the whole world would be in trouble. Living in this imperfect world, we are surrounded by people who lie and who have an infatuation with lying. There is nothing that you can do to stop it. It is a natural human behavior to keep yourself out of trouble, and lying to protect yourself is a tool that everyone uses. Most of the time they are little white lies that are used casually, not to hurt others’ feelings, but occasionally people get caught up in their own web of lies. This is where problems occur. Lying can lead to a multitude of problems including lost friendships, loss of trust, and the manipulation of individuals for your personal gain. There are also causes of lying such as pathological liars, and the avoidance of situations. When an individual becomes a pathological liar they begin to lie incessantly to get their way and do so with little concern for others. There is a great website named www. ruthaboutdeception. com that has a specific page dedicated to pathological lying, with this page a great quote comes about the stigma of lying. â€Å"Pathological liars have little regard or respect for the rights and feelings of others. A pathological liar often comes across as being manipulative, cunning and self-centered. † Pathological lying is not a disease that is built up f rom the unstable mind but rather is a very serious emotional disorder that comes from insecurity. To lie with such disregard for others emotions and feelings shows how manipulative and grotesque we are. You become only interested in the outcome of your future and become willing to walk on and over whoever stands in your way. But in the end it will come to bite you in the butt, for when you are looking for a job and need to cite a reference you will have non to rely on. It’s ironic how a person who is so unreliable still relies on others to achieve his/her personal agenda. A person who lies their whole life is living in an empty shell. They are not being honest with themselves and ultimately will end up living a lonely life. In this world you need trust to be able to survive, and if you have none you will be alone. Lying is a learned behavior that people pick up as a tool to avoid situations. Lying is heavily frowned upon in society and can lead to the degradation of one’s personal merit. When caught up in the moment, people often use lies to either make their lives more interesting or to avoid the chance of being caught. It’s often an ugly sight when an individual is caught in a lie, especially if you’re lying to a close friend or lover. It’s often best to avoid lying and to stay truthful to your friends and family, but we all know that as humans we fall into the path of sin. As children, a majority of us were raised in a household that respected and learned the 10 Commandments: â€Å"Thou shall not bear false witness against thy neighbor. † (Bible: King James, Exodus 20:16) This is a direct example at how early these beliefs were implemented. When we lie we are not only lying to the individuals, we are also lying to ourselves. And when you lie once, it’s going to be easier to repeat the process a second and third time. Gradually it becomes a habit and you can be classified as a compulsive liar. Lying can lead to lost friendships and burnt bridges between individuals. People would rather associate themselves with truthful individuals who are trustworthy and when you’re caught in a lie it can lead to the loss of trust. The most important effect that can come from lying is the loss of trust. Trust is key in every relationship, whether it is romantic, friend, or family. It allows people to be able to confide in you and to rely on you. When you lose someone’s trust it’s extremely difficult to regain it and ultimately can lead to the destruction of a relationship. Trust is the foundation that keeps your friendship stable. If you build upon that foundation with lies then your friendship is unstable. When those lies begin to birth themselves your friendship crumbles like a bran muffin. It’s hard enough for people to open themselves up to the possibility of emotional distress by trusting an individual. It’s even worse when the person comes to the realization that their friendship or relationship is a sham and was based around deceit and deception. Walter Anderson has a famous quote that epitomizes the vulnerability of an individual when they decide to confide in another hoping to find love. We’re never so vulnerable than when we trust someone- but paradoxically, if we cannot trust, neither can we find love or joy. † The only person you are really hurting in the long run in yourself. You’re limiting your potential as a human being by being deceitful and burning bridges with others. When you lose someone’s trust you not only lose their respect but you also lose your dignity. When you lose an individual’s respect you can never gain it back from that person no matter the circumstance. Your dignity and respect are testaments of your true character and who you really are as a person. Tim Mazur has the perfect quote that describes how lying effects other individuals and how it robs them of their rationality. â€Å"First, lying corrupts the most important quality of my being human: my ability to make free, rational choices. Each lie I tell contradicts the part of me that gives me moral worth. Second, my lies rob others of their freedom to choose rationally. † The repetition of your lies can become habitual which may label you as a pathological liar. Lying is a nasty habit that occurs in people’s lives. As people we are responsible for the wellbeing of each other and need to control ourselves in the manner we conduct. If you are looking for a guideline to do this you can look in your Bible and follow the Golden Rule. â€Å"So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets. † (â€Å"New International Version Bible† Matthew, 7:12) If we follow the Golden Rule then we are set to live our lives to the fullest. We want to gain people’s respect and their trust; we don’t want to lose it. It has been said that, â€Å"Nobody likes a liar. † So the best advice to take is to tell the truth and be an honest individual and you will be rewarded in friendship. Cause and Effect Drinking and driving is a very bad combination. Mixing the two would be deadly for many people driving on the streets. In 2011, 9,878 people were killed and approximately 350,000 were injured. Each crash, each death, each injury impacts not only the person in the crash, but family, friends, classmates, coworkers and more. It cannot only kill you but could also kill the people around you. This can all be prevented if people make smarter choices and think twice before going behind the wheel.Driving under the influence or DUI can hurt you or anyone in your path of destruction. â€Å"Research shows that after 5-7 drinks the brain is numbed that one cannot even hold a pen yet alone get behind the wheel of a car yet people decide to make the obvious mistake and end up in horrible results. † Driving under the influence is a large number of deaths and injures on the road. There have been numerous cases of people driving under alcohol and involved in fatal accidents.About 31% of deaths are driving under the influence. Driving under the influence of alcohol is a crime and if found guilty, you can be fined heavily, sent to prison or have your license suspended. Possible prevention measures examined here include establishing DWI courts, suspending or revoking driver licenses, impounding or confiscating vehicle plates, impounding or immobilizing vehicles, enforcing open container bans, increasing penalties such as fines or jail for drunk driving, and mandating alcohol education. Cause and Effect Patrick Gallagher Professor Adams College Composition December 4, 2009 Cause and Effect of Lying â€Å"The whole truth and nothing but the truth. † If these were words to live by then the whole world would be in trouble. Living in this imperfect world, we are surrounded by people who lie and who have an infatuation with lying. There is nothing that you can do to stop it. It is a natural human behavior to keep yourself out of trouble, and lying to protect yourself is a tool that everyone uses. Most of the time they are little white lies that are used casually, not to hurt others’ feelings, but occasionally people get caught up in their own web of lies. This is where problems occur. Lying can lead to a multitude of problems including lost friendships, loss of trust, and the manipulation of individuals for your personal gain. There are also causes of lying such as pathological liars, and the avoidance of situations. When an individual becomes a pathological liar they begin to lie incessantly to get their way and do so with little concern for others. There is a great website named www. ruthaboutdeception. com that has a specific page dedicated to pathological lying, with this page a great quote comes about the stigma of lying. â€Å"Pathological liars have little regard or respect for the rights and feelings of others. A pathological liar often comes across as being manipulative, cunning and self-centered. † Pathological lying is not a disease that is built up f rom the unstable mind but rather is a very serious emotional disorder that comes from insecurity. To lie with such disregard for others emotions and feelings shows how manipulative and grotesque we are. You become only interested in the outcome of your future and become willing to walk on and over whoever stands in your way. But in the end it will come to bite you in the butt, for when you are looking for a job and need to cite a reference you will have non to rely on. It’s ironic how a person who is so unreliable still relies on others to achieve his/her personal agenda. A person who lies their whole life is living in an empty shell. They are not being honest with themselves and ultimately will end up living a lonely life. In this world you need trust to be able to survive, and if you have none you will be alone. Lying is a learned behavior that people pick up as a tool to avoid situations. Lying is heavily frowned upon in society and can lead to the degradation of one’s personal merit. When caught up in the moment, people often use lies to either make their lives more interesting or to avoid the chance of being caught. It’s often an ugly sight when an individual is caught in a lie, especially if you’re lying to a close friend or lover. It’s often best to avoid lying and to stay truthful to your friends and family, but we all know that as humans we fall into the path of sin. As children, a majority of us were raised in a household that respected and learned the 10 Commandments: â€Å"Thou shall not bear false witness against thy neighbor. † (Bible: King James, Exodus 20:16) This is a direct example at how early these beliefs were implemented. When we lie we are not only lying to the individuals, we are also lying to ourselves. And when you lie once, it’s going to be easier to repeat the process a second and third time. Gradually it becomes a habit and you can be classified as a compulsive liar. Lying can lead to lost friendships and burnt bridges between individuals. People would rather associate themselves with truthful individuals who are trustworthy and when you’re caught in a lie it can lead to the loss of trust. The most important effect that can come from lying is the loss of trust. Trust is key in every relationship, whether it is romantic, friend, or family. It allows people to be able to confide in you and to rely on you. When you lose someone’s trust it’s extremely difficult to regain it and ultimately can lead to the destruction of a relationship. Trust is the foundation that keeps your friendship stable. If you build upon that foundation with lies then your friendship is unstable. When those lies begin to birth themselves your friendship crumbles like a bran muffin. It’s hard enough for people to open themselves up to the possibility of emotional distress by trusting an individual. It’s even worse when the person comes to the realization that their friendship or relationship is a sham and was based around deceit and deception. Walter Anderson has a famous quote that epitomizes the vulnerability of an individual when they decide to confide in another hoping to find love. We’re never so vulnerable than when we trust someone- but paradoxically, if we cannot trust, neither can we find love or joy. † The only person you are really hurting in the long run in yourself. You’re limiting your potential as a human being by being deceitful and burning bridges with others. When you lose someone’s trust you not only lose their respect but you also lose your dignity. When you lose an individual’s respect you can never gain it back from that person no matter the circumstance. Your dignity and respect are testaments of your true character and who you really are as a person. Tim Mazur has the perfect quote that describes how lying effects other individuals and how it robs them of their rationality. â€Å"First, lying corrupts the most important quality of my being human: my ability to make free, rational choices. Each lie I tell contradicts the part of me that gives me moral worth. Second, my lies rob others of their freedom to choose rationally. † The repetition of your lies can become habitual which may label you as a pathological liar. Lying is a nasty habit that occurs in people’s lives. As people we are responsible for the wellbeing of each other and need to control ourselves in the manner we conduct. If you are looking for a guideline to do this you can look in your Bible and follow the Golden Rule. â€Å"So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets. † (â€Å"New International Version Bible† Matthew, 7:12) If we follow the Golden Rule then we are set to live our lives to the fullest. We want to gain people’s respect and their trust; we don’t want to lose it. It has been said that, â€Å"Nobody likes a liar. † So the best advice to take is to tell the truth and be an honest individual and you will be rewarded in friendship. Cause and Effect Drinking and driving is a very bad combination. Mixing the two would be deadly for many people driving on the streets. In 2011, 9,878 people were killed and approximately 350,000 were injured. Each crash, each death, each injury impacts not only the person in the crash, but family, friends, classmates, coworkers and more. It cannot only kill you but could also kill the people around you. This can all be prevented if people make smarter choices and think twice before going behind the wheel.Driving under the influence or DUI can hurt you or anyone in your path of destruction. â€Å"Research shows that after 5-7 drinks the brain is numbed that one cannot even hold a pen yet alone get behind the wheel of a car yet people decide to make the obvious mistake and end up in horrible results. † Driving under the influence is a large number of deaths and injures on the road. There have been numerous cases of people driving under alcohol and involved in fatal accidents.About 31% of deaths are driving under the influence. Driving under the influence of alcohol is a crime and if found guilty, you can be fined heavily, sent to prison or have your license suspended. Possible prevention measures examined here include establishing DWI courts, suspending or revoking driver licenses, impounding or confiscating vehicle plates, impounding or immobilizing vehicles, enforcing open container bans, increasing penalties such as fines or jail for drunk driving, and mandating alcohol education. Cause and Effect Drinking and driving is a very bad combination. Mixing the two would be deadly for many people driving on the streets. In 2011, 9,878 people were killed and approximately 350,000 were injured. Each crash, each death, each injury impacts not only the person in the crash, but family, friends, classmates, coworkers and more. It cannot only kill you but could also kill the people around you. This can all be prevented if people make smarter choices and think twice before going behind the wheel.Driving under the influence or DUI can hurt you or anyone in your path of destruction. â€Å"Research shows that after 5-7 drinks the brain is numbed that one cannot even hold a pen yet alone get behind the wheel of a car yet people decide to make the obvious mistake and end up in horrible results. † Driving under the influence is a large number of deaths and injures on the road. There have been numerous cases of people driving under alcohol and involved in fatal accidents.About 31% of deaths are driving under the influence. Driving under the influence of alcohol is a crime and if found guilty, you can be fined heavily, sent to prison or have your license suspended. Possible prevention measures examined here include establishing DWI courts, suspending or revoking driver licenses, impounding or confiscating vehicle plates, impounding or immobilizing vehicles, enforcing open container bans, increasing penalties such as fines or jail for drunk driving, and mandating alcohol education.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

How to Drive Value Your Way Essay

MGT665 undivided concessionHOW TO DRIVE VALUE YOUR WAYSubmitted By Hiten Bachani (129278117)0MGT665 Individual Assignment primary(prenominal) theme The paper revolves around the migration of the place within the supply strand as industries and technologies evolve. The basis of which arouse be traced fine-tune to the changes occurring in the patterns of consumer behaviour. barely the changes in consumer patterns does non necessarily result in the re place being channeliseed from one stakeholder to other alternatively it is purely a function of the showcase of industry and how it has evolved over the years. Idea in Brief Argument Successful Companies do four things well Problem LessonsIn turbulent sequences, loot extradite a tendency of migrating up or ambit reactor the pass judgment chain, away from the established companies to the upriver or d proteststream partners. eg In PC industry, rank moved from IBM (manufacturer) to Wintel (suppliers)The trajectory is no t witnessed in the Auto exertion, where the incumbent car perplexrs maintain maintained a constant make do of the industrys market place capitalisation despite dire predictions to the contrary.1) Controlling the assets least likely to be commoditized 2) Being the ho compass point of whole step to end customer 3) Staying in close touch with the changing customers ineluctably 4) Balancing the imperatives of step-up and strategic pull wires of the survey chainThe paper violence on four rules to that the companies can physical exercise to influence whether the revalue migrates and if so, to where in the chain. territorial dominion 1 Be the least expendable player The straits of who along the value chain is most tackable basically affects who can capture surplusvalue. It has been argued that the remains integrators argon most rugged to replace in railroad car industry scarcely it is not so in the PC industry. However, a company seeking to save up or gain advanta ge inescapably not only to reinforce its own irreplaceability moreover excessively ensure that no(prenominal) of its suppliers become impossible to replace regularization 2 Become the Guardian of step Value in an industry largishly accrues to the player that customers associate most of the quality with the product.The quality guardian in the value chain, typically carries a disproportionate conduct of legal financial obligation. Also the cost of liability differs across the industries, for e.g. it is quite spunky in auto industry since the life of customers are at risk if car crashes plot of ground it is low in PC. territorial dominion 3 Follow the Customer When the end customer changes his require, value whitethorn shift across the value chain. Hence it becomes imperative for the companies to touch base the customers need to the value marriage proposal they offer. But in the absence of a key shift in the end customer, incumbents testament be well positioned to1MG T665 Individual Assignment manage even libertine technologyas long as they retain ownership of distribution and can resist the emergence of open standards. Rule 4 Manage the Growth drool This rule throws light on attribute of industry such as high growth or low growth and within that how the company changes its market fortune. It faculty be the case that a level has only a small market share in a violently growing sector or a high share in a stable sector. When the high-growth industry in question is relatively small Incumbents will be less inclined to fight enceinte to preserve dominance when the absolute profits are limited. The opposite applies, however, when the high-growth market is large. Here, casing often favours stability, because established players are large enough to maintain closed dodgings of suppliers, blackball open standards, and forestall change. Methodology composition The author has tried to look at the problem through the lens of auto industry and PC i ndustry and has be contrasting differences while comparing. It has been observed that the value has hardly shifted along the value chain in case of Auto Industry while in case of PC industry it has drastically shifted from the hands of system integrators to the suppliers.The reason lies in the very nature of the product which both the industries sell. The paper in any case throws light on the methodology of how incumbents and challengers shift value across the value chain both leveraging their strength depending upon their rate of flow capabilities. Also, it talks about the new merged giants like Facebook and Google who do not compete in a sector but on the other hand become it. This is because they focussed on the latent of necessity of the customers and came up with a value proposition leveraging the internet space (platform) at the proper(ip) time making it uncorrectable for the rivals to imitate because of the viral diffusion of the technology. Does it make sense Yes, u p to a definite extent it does makes sense and there have been ample examples in the past to seek the hypothesis. Over time the customer needs have changed and successful organizations have reoriented themselves to render to their needs. Also, they have been cautious to preserve their share of pie by following the rules mentioned in the text. However, the conditions turn from industry to industry due to the diametric dynamics of the business scenario and the ecosystem in which they operate. It is worth noting that reputation of the player (not factored in the methodology) also plays a major role in some industries viz.Pharmaceutical industries. This may help the incumbents in the short incline and give them a buffer time to rethink their strategies and retaliate so that the value does not move away from them. My public opinion The author has done justice to his inquiry by quoting right examples at the right place. One factor which has not been factored is the barrier to en try in the industry for a new player or for an lively player to transit from one map to another within the value chain. tear down in todays realism when the technology has become very train suppliers also have a destiny to build economies of scale and be a crucial member in the value chain of the industry by give to many players. This can be achieved by standardization of components at an initial stage and then employing methodologies like SMED (Single Minute telephone exchange of Dies) in manufacturing industry(Automobiles) which the author had quoted as difficult in terms of replace-ability as compared to PC industry however this can be achieved given the upstream or downriver player has sufficient resources to overcome the barriers of entry. 2